The European Medicines Agency is restricting the use of two checkpoint inhibitor drugs as first-line treatments for urothelial cancer, or cancer of the bladder and urinary tract, because they may not work as well as chemotherapy in this group of patients. The drugs are Keytruda (pembrolizumab), the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) inhibitor, and Tecentriq (atezolizumab), which inhibits the protein programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). Both drugs are monoclonal antibodies that block a protective mechanism of cancer cells, allowing the immune system to destroy these cells.
