Research & University News

A study published in the journal Science on 7 September 2018 gives new insights into how exercise can improve memory and possibly help prevent or treat Alzheimer’s disease. The corollary is that pharmaceutical treatments might be designed to mimic this effect.

Research carried out by scientists at the Technical University of Munich (TUM) in Germany suggests that colon cancer is stimulated by cell stress and bacteria and not by inflammation, as previously thought.

A study in Plos Biology by researchers from the Helmholtz Zentrum München and the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München has described a metabolic network in mice that is not controlled by the brain but rather by the ‘circadian clock’ inside muscle cells.

Scientists in Vienna, Austria have used organoid technology to grow brain tumours in the laboratory, enabling them to replicate the process of brain carcinogenesis, potentially making the discovery of new biomarkers and treatments for these cancers easier.

A study published in the journal Clinical Cancer Research concludes that elevated levels of kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), a transmembrane protein in blood plasma, can predict renal cell carcinoma (RCC) incidence up to five years before a diagnosis.

A study published in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine by researchers at the Helmholtz Zentrum München and the University of Denver in the US suggests that idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) may be related to an increase in extracellular vesicles that relay WNT5A signals to the lungs for an increase in connective tissue.

Researchers at the Wellcome Sanger Institute in the UK have reported unexpected genetic changes in mouse embryonic stem cells following the use of the CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing tool. They warn that the scientific community may be overestimating the potential for gene editing as a human therapy, and urge that more work be done to better understand the safety profile of the technology.

An international research group has reported promising data from an early clinical trial of a prophylactic vaccine against HIV-1 in healthy volunteers and a parallel study of the same vaccine in rhesus monkeys. The study results were published online in The Lancet on 6 July.

The Wellcome Trust is to use its expertise in life science and financial muscle to launch a new investment fund that will enable high-risk research projects to develop quickly and move towards commercialisation. The Wellcome Leap Fund will have capital of £250 million to be allocated over five years starting in 2020.

Normally, DNA coding is too big to be placed inside a cell. However researchers at ETH Zürich have developed a way of compressing DNA for delivery into a cell after which it is decompressed into its original state. They say the technique could assist the development of new medicines.